What weapons Germany is sending to Ukraine

Flak tank Gepard

The Gepard (German for “cheetah”) is an anti-aircraft gun, or flak tank, with twin 35-mm weapons. It can be utilized towards plane and helicopters at altitudes of up to 3,500 meters (11,500 ft), but additionally towards lightly-armored floor targets similar to infantry automobiles and transport tanks. This signifies that the Gepard can be utilized as each a defensive and offensive weapon. However, the Gepard wouldn’t stand an opportunity towards a battle tank due to its comparatively small-caliber weapons. The Gepard has a variety of about 550 kilometers (340 miles) on the highway and can ford our bodies of water with out particular extra gear.

What makes it related for a mission in Ukraine is that the weapon was developed, amongst different issues, to counter armored fight helicopters such because the Soviet-Russian Mil Mi-24 “Hind.” The Gepard was launched in 1976 and was lengthy a cornerstone of the German army’s air defenses, in addition to the Dutch and Belgian armies. But in these nations, the Gepard was retired about 20 years in the past, and the final one was decommissioned in Germany in 2012. Romania is the one NATO nation that also makes use of the Gepard, and the German fashions should first be made operational once more.

Another drawback for its deployment in Ukraine could also be that the anti-aircraft tank locations excessive calls for on the crew due to its complicated electronics in addition to radar and hearth management methods. According to Johann Wadephul, protection spokesman for the conservative Christian Democrats, coaching takes no less than six months, which is why Wadephul proposed sending the Leopard 1 tank or the Marder infantry preventing automobile as a substitute.

Ukraine was initially promised 50 Gepards, although there is reportedly a scarcity of ammunition thus far.

Howitzer 2000

This is an armored self-propelled 155-mm caliber artillery gun, whose 60 rounds might be fired at a charge of three rounds each ten seconds. Targets might be destroyed at a distance of 30 to 56 km, relying on the ammunition. The firms Krauss-Maffei Wegmann and Rheinmetall equipped the primary howitzers to the Bundeswehr in 1998 and proceed to produce extra superior variations.

Unlike the Leopard battle tank, the self-propelled howitzer 2000 should halt to hearth, making it clearly inferior to a tank in a direct confrontation. However, it could instantly assume a brand new camouflage place after firing to keep away from return hearth.

The howitzer can journey at speeds of up to 60 km/h, has a road-range of about 420 kilometers, and can ford waters up to a depth of about 1.5 meters.

It is designed to comply with motorized formations and present them with hearth assist.

The howitzer was efficiently utilized in missions in Afghanistan in 2006 and 2007 at the side of air assist. Targets could possibly be engaged at a variety of greater than 40 kilometers. According to Defense Minister Christine Lambrecht, the Bundeswehr has about 100 howitzers in its stock, of which about 40 are operational. Chancellor Olaf Scholz has now promised Ukraine seven howitzers, however they’d first have to be made operational, which is anticipated to take till the summer time.

Marder infantry preventing automobile

These infantry automobiles transport troops into fight, present each hearth assist and cowl from which troopers can hearth, making them a very versatile weapon system. The Marder has room for six or seven gunners, a 20-mm machine gun and Milan guided missiles towards each floor and air targets.

The automobile additionally has a protecting air flow system towards nuclear, organic, and chemical weapons and can ford waters up to two meters deep thanks to its submersible hydraulics.

Entering service in 1971, the Marder is even older than the Cheetah and is progressively being changed in Germany by its successor, the Puma. Nevertheless, the Marder is nonetheless in service with the Bundeswehr and in quite a lot of different nations and has confirmed its usefulness each in Kosovo and Afghanistan. This was made potential by steady upgrades overs the years.

Leopard 2 battle tank

The Leopard 2 is the showpiece of German arms manufacturing. The battle tank has been in manufacturing since 1978 and has been improved many instances since then, and the Bundeswehr doesn’t plan to substitute it till 2030.

Due to the good export success of the Krauss-Maffei Wegmann-made tank, there are numerous completely different variations, every of which has been tailored to the precise necessities of purchaser nations. There are additionally licensed producers overseas. Its predecessor, the Leopard 1, has additionally been bought many instances and is nonetheless utilized by many armies around the globe.

The Leopard 2’s objective is to defend towards enemy tank formations. Its 120-mm cannon can be utilized to interact each stationary and shifting targets, and can stay locked on its goal even when driving over tough terrain.

The Leopard can ford waters up to 4 meters deep with extra gear. Its NBC safety (towards nuclear, organic, and chemical weapons) is designed to final up to 48 hours.

The 1,500-horsepower tank with a velocity of greater than 60 km/h is a heavyweight, although its weight of greater than 60 tons is all the time an issue for bridges.

According to Canadian and Danish troopers, the Leopard has confirmed its price in operations in Afghanistan, primarily due to its excessive degree of safety towards assaults. It was additionally deployed by Turkey in northern Syria — a politically delicate operation.

The German authorities has not but promised Ukraine both Marder or Leopard tanks, although Andrij Melnyk, the Ukrainian ambassador in Berlin, is calling for “the speedy export of 88 Leopard tanks, 100 Marder tanks, self-propelled howitzers, and much more.”

Stinger

The Stinger is a shoulder-launched, infrared-guided surface-to-air missile launcher, initially manufactured within the US by Raytheon in 1980, although it has lengthy been manufactured in Europe, together with in Germany. After goal acquisition, normally a fight plane or helicopter, and firing by the gunner, the missile tracks its goal robotically to a variety of about 4,000 meters. The warhead explodes with a slight time-delay after affect, normally on the gas tank, growing the impact.

Stingers have confirmed to be an especially efficient and easy-to-use weapon, most notably in the course of the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan, when US-equipped Afghan fighters shot down quite a few Soviet plane and helicopters.

In addition to the US, the Netherlands, and Latvia, Germany has equipped Ukraine with 500 Stinger anti-aircraft weapons from Bundeswehr shares because the conflict started.

Panzerfaust/Bunkerfaust

The Bundeswehr and different nationwide armed forces use the usual Panzerfaust 3 for anti-tank functions, manufactured by Dynamit Nobel in Germany since 1992. It is fired from the shoulder towards stationary targets up to 400 meters away and shifting targets up to 300 meters away. It can penetrate up to 300 mm of armor metal and, as a bunker buster with different ammunition, up to 240 mm of strengthened concrete.

According to the German authorities, Germany equipped Ukraine with a number of thousand such weapons early within the conflict.

Various small arms

By the top of April, Germany had additionally despatched to Ukraine 100 machine weapons, 100,000 hand grenades, 2,000 mines, some 5,300 explosive fees, and greater than 16 million rounds of ammunition of assorted calibers ranging from assault rifles to heavy machine weapons. This info comes from Ukrainian authorities circles. Unlike heavy weapons similar to tanks, the German authorities has not disclosed which smaller weapons it is supplying.

This article was initially written in German.

While you are right here: Every Tuesday, DW editors spherical up what is taking place in German politics and society. You can enroll right here for the weekly e mail publication Berlin Briefing.

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