“In the slightly longer term, I think injectable gels can become very useful in regenerative medicine,” says the study’s first author Tina Arndt, PhD student in Anna Rising’s research group at Karolinska Institutet. “We have a long way to go, but the fact that the protein solution quickly forms a gel at body temperature and that the spider silk has been shown to be well tolerated by the body is promising.”
Mimics spider silk spinning
The ability of spiders to spin incredibly strong fibres from a silk protein solution in fractions of a second has sparked an interest in the underlying molecular mechanisms. The researchers at KI and SLU have been particularly interested in the spiders’ ability to keep proteins soluble so that they do not clump together before the spinning of the spider silk. They have previously developed a method for the production of valuable proteins which mimics the process the spider uses to produce and store its silk proteins.
“We have previously shown that a specific part of the spider silk protein called the N-terminal domain is produced in large quantities and can keep other proteins soluble, and we can exploit this for medical applications,” says Anna Rising. “We have let bacteria produce this part of the protein linked to functional proteins, including various drugs and enzymes.”
Transformed into a gel
The new study shows that the N-terminal domain also has the ability to change shape and transition to small fibrils that cause the protein solution to be converted into a gel if incubated at 37 °C. In addition, it can be fused to functional proteins that preserve their function in the gel.
The research was funded by the European Research Council (ERC), the Centre for Innovative Medicine (CIMED) at Karolinska Institutet and Region Stockholm, the Strategic Research Area of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine at Karolinska Institutet, the Swedish Research Council, the European Regional Development Fund and the Novo Nordisk Foundation. The study was also conducted using the core facility Biomedicum Imaging Core (BIC) at Karolinska Institutet. The researchers state that there are no conflicts of interest.
Publication
“Spidroin N-terminal domain forms amyloid-like fibril based hydrogels and provides a protein immobilization platform”. Tina Arndt, Kristaps Jaudzems, Olga Shilkova, Juanita Francis, Mathias Johansson, Peter R Laity, Cagla Sahin, Urmimala Chatterjee, Nina Kronqvist, Edgar Barajas-Ledesma, Rakesh Kumar, Gefei Chen, Roger Strömberg, Axel Abelein, Maud Langton, Michael Landreh, Andreas Barth, Chris Holland, Jan Johansson, Anna Rising. Nature Communications, online August 15 2022, doi:10.1038/s41467-022-32093-7.
Scientists develop gel made from spider silk proteins for biomedical applications & Latest News Update
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