Evolving epidemiology of pneumocystis pneumonia: Findings from a longitudinal population-based study and a retrospective multi-center study in Germany & More News Here

Summary

Background

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is a life-threatening opportunistic infectious illness of immunocompromised sufferers. Its incidence has decreased worldwide in the previous, however information regarding its current epidemiology are missing.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed all German inpatient instances from January 1, 2014 to December 31, 2019, to explain the current epidemiology, incidence, medical course, mortality and underlying ailments of PCP. Simultaneously, we performed a retrospective multi-center study at two German college hospitals, and analyzed PCP instances handled there to realize deeper insights on the premise of major affected person information.

Findings

The incidence of PCP considerably elevated from 2·3 to 2·6 per 100,000 inhabitants from 2014 to 2019 (1,857 to 2,172 instances, +17·0%, p < 0·0001), in addition to PCP-related deaths (516 to 615 instances, +19·2%, p = 0·011). The spectrum of underlying ailments modified: Risk teams with established chemoprophylaxis for PCP primarily based on worldwide pointers (HIV, hematologic malignancies, and transplantation) confirmed a important lower in PCP instances and deaths. Others, particularly these with stable malignancies, and autoimmune and pulmonary ailments confirmed a important enhance in case numbers and deaths. Data from the retrospective multi-center study added info relating to prophylaxis and diagnostics of PCP.

Interpretation

The incidence of PCP has reversed its development, exhibiting a important enhance in mortality on inhabitants degree. Patients who weren’t beforehand thought of in prophylactic measures are more and more affected by PCP. This growth deserves additional investigation, and extra complete pointers for the use of chemoprophylaxis in new danger teams are wanted.

Funding

Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Kiel.

Introduction

Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) is an opportunistic pulmonary an infection attributable to the fungus Pneumocystis jirovecii. It has historically been thought of an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-defining sickness, though it additionally happens in immunosuppressed sufferers with out the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the place it extra usually takes a deadly course.

1

  • Schwarcz L.
  • Chen M.J.
  • Vittinghoff E.
  • Hsu L.
  • Schwarcz S.
Declining incidence of AIDS-defining opportunistic diseases: outcomes from 16 years of population-based AIDS surveillance.