A brand new research from The University of Western Australia has challenged earlier claims that Aboriginal stone artifacts found off the Pilbara coast in Western Australia signify Australia’s first undisturbed underwater archaeological site.
The unique findings have been made in a research printed in 2020 in PLOS ONE, by a workforce of archaeologists and scientists from Flinders University, UWA, James Cook University, ARA (Airborne Research Australia) and the University of York.
The workforce partnered with the Murujuga Aboriginal Corporation to find and examine stone scatters at two websites within the Dampier Archipelago.
The “underwater” websites at Cape Bruguieres included a whole lot of stone instruments present in an space that was dry land many hundreds of years in the past.
Co-author of the brand new paper, printed in Geoarchaeology, geoarchaeologist Dr. Ingrid Ward from UWA’s School of Social Sciences, stated it questioned two key claims made within the unique paper—that the artifacts have been “permanently submerged” and that they have been “in situ” and had not been moved since their unique deposition.
“In fact, the artifacts occur in a channel ponded well above the lowest tide, so are not permanently submerged,” Dr. Ward stated.
“Further, past and present oceanographic and sediment transport processes indicate that the lithic artifact scatters have almost certainly been moved by waves and currents away from where they were first discarded.”
The new research was carried out in collaboration with UWA’s Dr. Piers Larcombe, Dr. Peter Ross of Flinders University and Dr. Chris Fandry of RPS Energy.
The multidisciplinary workforce examined the assumptions and claims made within the unique paper, concluding that the evaluation had been inadequate to justify its findings.
“It remains untested how old the artifacts are—they could be 200 years old, 2,000 years old or 20,000 years old—it is completely unknown at this stage,” Dr. Ward stated.
Despite this, she stated we may nonetheless study loads from reworked websites.
“For all archaeological sites, the scientific narrative depends on defensible interpretation, which means understanding the processes that have formed the sites we find today,” she stated.
“Science progresses through repeated cycles of research, publication, challenge and correction, and papers that challenge ideas are a normal part of healthy science. Archaeological research of indigenous coastal and marine sites in Australia is still at an early stage.”
Aboriginal artifacts reveal first historic underwater cultural websites in Australia
Ingrid Ward et al, Applying geoarchaeological rules to marine archaeology: A reappraisal of the “first marine” and “in situ” lithic scatters within the Dampier Archipelago, NW Australia, Geoarchaeology (2022). DOI: 10.1002/gea.21917
Jonathan Benjamin et al, Aboriginal artefacts on the continental shelf reveal historic drowned cultural landscapes in northwest Australia, PLOS ONE (2020). DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233912
University of Western Australia
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